Hydro-explosive motor.



A. V. COSTER.

HYDRO-EXPLOSIVE MOTOR.

APPLICATION rum) SEPT. 28, 1912.

1,055,880, Patented Mar.11,1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A. V. COSTBR.

HYDBQ-EXPLOSIVE MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 28, 1912.

1,055,880, Patented Mar. 11, 1913 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Mm. M Jwwv W 6 11% e 9f W42? W. W. GHEESEMAN.

AUTOMOBILE WHEEL,

APPLICATION rum) FEB. 29, 1912.

Patented Mar. 11, 1913.

3 SHEETfi-SHEET 3.

u I 4 I I n v [NI ENTOR.

E STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' vENNELL COSTER, 0F MARPLE,'ENGLAND.

nYDRo-Exr oswE MOTOR To iz ll whom itimay, concern .Be, it fknowiia that I, ARTHUR VENNELL ftheKiiig of Great'Britand resident of Marple, in v y rby, England; have inventcertaln ne rid us fill Improvements in .fl drmExplosiy Motors, of which the 01.: *l'l'owing'is a specification. i i I Th'siniention relates to improvements in fthat class "of motor ;in which successive expicsipns areutilized to propel orproject a plug;;- or water {at frequent intervals through a turbine todrive it,or tolpropel or project .,--or;the sa-iiiekp'ilrpose successive and separate 'lilgsofjwateri -,Such a plug or plugswill lie-hereinafter generally referred to as sucefi'ect in such a motor I dispense alto gether with the mechanically operated valve roijthe like which has hitherto been known in acoinbination with the explosion chamber to "co'ntrol pro ulsion at the water therefrom to the turbine, and "I so af'renge and dis ose the water; conduits iii connection with I the' turbin San" [the explosion chamamber-that -F 'p'ropel l ed plug of mater-by ts'fpwn' kiii energy on its way to the "turbine 'exhaiistsfand draws after it hichitihas been propelled, energy, on its direct lieexplosion chamber from the frbine dire tl -streets the compression of v iilosive'chargeby which it will next bep ropelled The exhaustion of the spent 1 itself induce a fresh explosive chamber being provided with the usual electrical igniting means rc b is the turbine, c s a pipleading romthe explosion cham:

; 1 her to the turbine, at isa pipe leading from the turbine back tothe-efxplo'sion chamber through part of the pipe, 0, e is anonrec-tion.

q stile /explosion chamber in which the charged gaseous mixture is exploded, said I H 1. peeification bi newsman. I Patented Mar. 11,1913. A iic mnmea September 23, 1912. Serial No. 722,833.

return valve controlled by a spring e. situated at the junction of the pipes d and 0. This valve will permit flow from the pipe (1 lnto the pipe 0 but not in the reverse di- The pipe 0 is bent to form an elbow at its lowest part as shown and this elbow is filled when the engine is not, running (and intermittently when the engine is running) by water to the level indicated by f.

When the turbine is at rest the water level is as indicated in Fig. 1. The explosion chamber a and that part of the pipe 0 above the level ofthe liquid in the left hand end of the pipe'is filled by an explosive gaseous charge or mixture which may, for

, example, be pumped or otherwise forced in.

The gaseous charge is now ignited and the pressure set up propels or projects the water contained 1n the pipe 0 past the closed nonreturn valve 6 to and through the turbine and its casing and to the pipe d. The quantity of water employed, and the areas and forms of the pipes, are such that the water effects and permits and possesses sufficient kinetic energy to effect the operations now to bedescribed. The products of combustion follow the tail end of the plug of water to, and to a large extent through the turbine, and a degree of vacuum is set up in the explosion chamber and the pipe 0 which results in a gaseous mixture being drawn into the explosion chamber and the pipe through suitable induction valves situated in the combustion chamber. The appliances by which the explosive charge is fed or led tothe explosion chamber are preferably so formed or'disposed or operated that air enters the explosion chamber first and directly.

followsthe products of combustion which themselves are following the water. At about the moment the induced charge following the products of combustion is reaching the valve 6 the head of the plug of water coming from the turbine through the pipe (1 also reaches the same valve, moves it inward, and enters the pipe 0, stopping the motion of the induced charge and driving such charge to the explosion chamber and compressing it. The valve 6 may be so loaded that, it opens or commences to open before thehead of the plug of water reaches it, as a esult of the partial vacuum set .up in the pipe 0. Whenthe water has fully reentered the pipe and momentarily occupies and passes, through the approximate posi tion inwhich it is shown in Fig. 1, the valve 6 again closes. The water however continues its movement to the left, the left hand end of the plug even rising afterthe first few able partof which closes the electric circuit in which the sparking plug is placed.

The products of combustion which have A followed the water through the turbine are led away in any suitable way. It will be seen that in the example illustrated the water is projected through the turbine wheel at alow level. The products of combustion at once rise in the turbine casing from the water conducting trough. or the like leading to pipe d on the delivery side of the wheel and may escape as desired. They may however be positively withdrawn as for example by the fan 9 mounted on the shaft 9' of the turbine wheel and discharging into the exhaust pipe it.

By the arrangement described it will be seen that the water recntering the pipe 0 from the turbine and continuing its passage in the direction of the explosion chamber cuts oil or traps the products of combustion which are following the tail of the plug of water and prevents them from returning to the combustion chamber.

In the motor I have illustrated I have shown a single explosion chamber. only op erating in conjunction with a turbine, but two 'or more separate explosion chambers each formed with its own pipes c and a? may direct water upon different parts of the same wheel. Also in the motor shown the water coming from the turbine wheel directly reenters its own explosion chamber from which it has been propelled to and through the turbine. With two or more explosion chambers and sets of pipes, however, the water coming from one explosion chamber to the turbine may be led from such turbine to the other or another explosion chamber by suitable cross connecting pipes, and it will operate therein or in connection therewith in. the manner already described in connection with the explosion chamber from which it has been projected.

To make up for the Water wastedand lost by evaporation, leakage and splashing, and to keep the water at a low temperature, a water inlet valve may be arranged at a suitable part of the system so that a little water is drawn into the system at each reciprocation of the Water plug. The valve illus trated at 1' is spring controlled and opens to admit water from the tank k to the interior of the pipe 0 when the pressure in the latter falls after an outward traverse of the water plug. The valve; j is of an area and is set to supply the required quantity of water. The flow and returnpipes c and d should have as few bends or turns-as possible, and give to and maintain the water in the straight and direct flow and return described.

Although the motor has been described as with an induction fiow of the gaseous explosion mixture set up directly by and as a consequence of the partial vacuum set up in the pipe 0, 1 do not confine myself to such an induction of the explosive mixture. Such a mixture or its components may be supplied to the explosion chamber under suitable .pressure, and the flow be cont-rolled in any convenient way, as, for instance, by the movement of the valve 6. This valve when opening to admit water from the return pipe (1 to the pipe 0 may permit the inward flow of an explosive mixture to the explosion chamber, and cut off the supply of such mixture as it closes.

I do not confine myself to the wheel type of turbine shown in the drawings. Any other suitable form of water turbine may equivalently or similarly have the pipes 0 and d combined with it.

The valve through which a charge of gas eons mixture can be admitted to the explosion chamber to start the motor as already described, may also be used duringtherunning of the motor as an auxiliary valve which may be adjusted as desired for varying the richness of the mixture.

The power produced may be regulated by a governor driven fromthe turbine shaft and controlling either the quality or quantity of the gaseous mixture admitted to the explosion chamber, or the weight or velocity of the water discharged may be controlled by gradually increasing or diminishing its volume through the opening or closing of the valve j. I

The turbine is arranged to drive any desired machinery. It is shown in the drawings as being provided with a driving pulley m.

What I claim is l. A motor comprising in combination an explosion chamber, a turbine, a pipe leading directly from the explosion chamber to the turbine, an elbow formed in said pipe at its lowermost portion adapted to contain a plug of water, a return pipe leading from said turbine to the-first mentioned pipe, a nonreturn valve at the unction of said delivery and return pipes, means for exhausting the products of combustion from the turbine, and means for igniting the contents of the explosion chamber, substantially as described.

2. A motor comprising in combination an explosion chamber, provided with an electrical igniting means, a turbine, a pipe contimuius with said explosion chamber leading directly to said turbine, said pipe being su ply of water comprising the water plug, 10 curved in such manner as to form an elbow substantially as described.

at its lowermost part for the retention of a In witness whereof I have hereunto set plu of water, a' return pipe leading from my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

sai turbine to the first mentioned ipe at a point above the elbow and at the si e remote ARTHUR VENNELL COSTER' from said explosion chamber, means for ex- Witnesses:

haustin the products of combustion from F. C. PENNINGTON,

said tur ine, and means for renewing the HY. J NcA; 

